Glossary
- Acetabulum
- Large, cup-shaped cavity located on the lateral side of the hip bone; formed by the junction of the ilium, pubis, and ischium portions of the hip bone
- Acromion
- Flattened bony process that extends laterally from the scapular spine to form the bony tip of the shoulder
- Anatomical Neck
- Line on the humerus located around the outside margin of the humeral head
- Calaneus
- Heel bone; posterior, inferior tarsal bone that forms the heel of the foot
- Capitulum
- Kknob-like bony structure located anteriorly on the lateral, distal end of the humerus
- Carpal Bone
- Bone of the eight small bones that form the wrist and base of the hand; these are grouped as a proximal row consisting of (from lateral to medial) the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones, and a distal row containing (from lateral to medial) the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones
- Carpal Tunnel
- Passageway between the anterior forearm and hand formed by the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum
- Cavicle
- Collarbone; elongated bone that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum medially and the acromion of the scapula laterally
- Coracoid Process
- Short, hook-like process that projects anteriorly and laterally from the superior margin of the scapula
- Coxal Bone
- Hip bone
- Deltoid Tuberosity
- Roughened, V-shaped region located laterally on the mid-shaft of the humerus
- Diaphysis
- Tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of a long bone
- Epiphysis
- Wide section at each end of a long bone; filled with spongy bone and red marrow
- Fovea Capitis
- Minor indentation on the head of the femur that serves as the site of attachment for the ligament to the head of the femur
- Glenohumeral Joint
- Shoulder joint; formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus
- Glenoid Cavity (also, glenoid fossa)
- Shallow depression located on the lateral scapula, between the superior and lateral borders
- Greater Pelvis (also, greater pelvic cavity or false pelvis)
- Broad space above the pelvic brim defined laterally by the fan-like portion of the upper ilium
- Greater Trochanter
- Large, bony expansion of the femur that projects superiorly from the base of the femoral neck
- Greater Tubercle
- Enlarged prominence located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus
- Hallux
- Big toe; digit 1 of the foot
- Head of the Femur
- Rounded, proximal end of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint
- Head of the Humerus
- Smooth, rounded region on the medial side of the proximal humerus; articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula to form the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
- Head of the Radius
- Disc-shaped structure that forms the proximal end of the radius; articulates with the capitulum of the humerus as part of the elbow joint, and with the radial notch of the ulna as part of the proximal radioulnar joint
- Infraspinous Fossa
- Broad depression located on the posterior scapula, inferior to the spine
- Intertubercular Groove (sulcus)
- Bicipital groove; narrow groove located between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
- Ischial Tuberosit
- Llarge, roughened protuberance that forms the posteroinferior portion of the hip bone; weight-bearing region of the pelvis when sitting
- Lateral Condyle of the Tibia
- Lateral, expanded region of the proximal tibia that includes the smooth surface that articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur as part of the knee joint
- Lateral Malleolus
- Expanded distal end of the fibula
- Lesser Pelvis (also, lesser pelvic cavity or true pelvis)
- Narrow space located within the pelvis, defined superiorly by the pelvic brim (pelvic inlet) and inferiorly by the pelvic outlet
- Lesser Trochante
- Small, bony projection on the medial side of the proximal femur, at the base of the femoral neck
- Limb
- An arm or leg of a person
- Linea Aspera
- Longitudinally running bony ridge located in the middle third of the posterior femur
- Medial Malleolus
- Bony expansion located on the medial side of the distal tibia
- Metacarpal Bone
- One of the five long bones that form the palm of the hand; numbered 1–5, starting on the lateral (thumb) side of the hand
- Metatarsal Bone
- One of the five elongated bones that forms the anterior half of the foot; numbered 1–5, starting on the medial side of the foot
- Obturator Foramen
- Large opening located in the anterior hip bone, between the pubis and ischium regions
- Olecranon Fossa
- Large depression located on the posterior side of the distal humerus; this space receives the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is fully extended
- Olecranon Process
- Expanded posterior and superior portions of the proximal ulna; forms the bony tip of the elbow
- Patella- Kneecap
- The largest sesamoid bone of the body; articulates with the distal femur
- Pelvic Girdle
- Hip girdle; consists of a single hip bone, which attaches a lower limb to the sacrum of the axial skeleton
- Pelvic Inlet
- Pelvic brim
- Pelvic Outlet
- Inferior opening of the lesser pelvis; formed by the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis, right and left ischiopubic rami and sacrotuberous ligaments, and the tip of the coccyx
- Phalanx Bone of the Hand (plural = phalanges)
- One of the 14 bones that form the thumb and fingers; these include the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb, and the proximal, middle, and distal phalanx bones of the fingers two through five
- Pubic Arch
- Bony structure formed by the pubic symphysis, and the bodies and inferior pubic rami of the right and left pubic bones
- Pubic Symphysis
- Joint formed by the articulation between the pubic bodies of the right and left hip bones
- Radial Tuberosity
- Oval-shaped, roughened protuberance located on the medial side of the proximal radius
- Sacroiliac Joint
- Joint formed by the articulation between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and ilium
- Scapula
- Shoulder blade bone located on the posterior side of the shoulder
- Subscapular Fossa
- Broad depression located on the anterior (deep) surface of the scapula
- Supraspinous Fossa
- Narrow depression located on the posterior scapula, superior to the spine
- Surgical Neck
- Region of the humerus where the expanded, proximal end joins with the narrower shaft; where breaks often occur
- Talus
- Tarsal bone that articulates superiorly with the tibia and fibula at the ankle joint; also articulates inferiorly with the calcaneus bone and anteriorly with the navicular bone
- Tibia
- Shin bone; the large, weight-bearing bone located on the medial side of the leg
- Tibial Tuberosity
- Elevated area on the anterior surface of the proximal tibia
- Trochlea
- Pulley-shaped region located medially at the distal end of the humerus; articulates at the elbow with the trochlear notch of the ulna
Grant and Other Information
Except where otherwise noted, this work by The Community College Consortium for Bioscience Credentials is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Text from BioBook licensed under CC BY NC SA and Boundless Biology Open Textbook licensed under CC BY SA.
Other text from OpenStaxCollege licensed under CC BY 3.0. Modified by Alice Rudolph, M.A. and Amy Bauguess, M.S.for c3bc.
Instructional Design by Courtney A. Harrington, Ph.D., Helen Dollyhite, M.A. and Caroline Smith, M.A. for c3bc
Media by Brittany Clark, Lucious Oliver, II, John Reece and Antonio Davis for c3bc.
This product was funded by a grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration. The product was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership.
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